Dr Christian Antonio
Senior Research Fellow
JKMRC
+61 7 3365 5977
Dr Christian Antonio specialises in the development and assessment of new technologies in the areas of ore sorting, ore pre-concentration and pre-weakening or ores.
Mineral Sorting and Separation:
Focused on the development of advanced technologies and sensing techniques for the detection, separation and upgrading of important minerals, such as copper, to maximise processing efficiencies. His work on novel technologies in this area includes MW/IR and HVP.
Microwave Processing:
Focused on promoting and applying the unique characteristics of microwaves as a novel processing technique in multiple industries including mining, oil & gas, waste remediation, chemical, food and energy, etc.
Christian’s background is in chemical engineering and he obtained his PhD in materials processing. Prior to coming to the JKMRC he worked at the CSIRO (Minerals) and University of Nottingham where he conducted R&D on light metals production and microwave processing in a vast variety of industries including the minerals, energy, advanced materials and food. As a process engineer his expertise is in process development, in particular development of novel processes such as those that are developed at the JKMRC, and scaling these up from an idea to lab-scale to pilot-plant scale. He has been involved in large scale-up projects involving R&D development through to pilot-planting, commissioning and process optimisation as part of multi-disciplinary teams. Christian’s main research interest include Mineral Sorting and Separation and Microwave Processing.
Industry
Christian has been involved in applied research with the mining industry. He has been involved in the development and scale-up of novel processes such as CuNuWave (Rio Tinto), TiRO (Lightmetals Flagship), Vermiculite (UoN), Oil Drill Cuttings (UoN/NOV Brandt).
Collaborations
Christian actively collaborates with other Universities (UoN, Burapha University), Research Institutions (CSIRO, CRC-ORE) and Industry (Rio Tinto, Anglo, Newcrest, etc.) in his areas of interest.
Funding
The majority of his research funding has been from industry and CRCs.
Publications
Journal Articles
Lay, Daniel, Shi, Fengnian and Antonio, Christian (2023). Evaluation of a novel electrode design for high voltage pulse ore pre-concentration. Minerals Engineering, 201 108239, 108239. doi: 10.1016/j.mineng.2023.108239
Uppasen, Settakorn, Boonruam, Patiparn, Soisuwan, Soipatta, Antonio, Christian and Wattanachai, Piyachat (2023). Biofilm and Biocomposite Film prepared from Durian Rind and Pineapple Leaf: Synthesis and Characterization. Engineered Science, 22 846. doi: 10.30919/es8d846
Valenta, Rick K., Lèbre, Éléonore, Antonio, Christian, Franks, Daniel M., Jokovic, Vladimir, Micklethwaite, Steven, Parbhakar-Fox, Anita, Runge, Kym, Savinova, Ekaterina, Segura-Salazar, Juliana, Stringer, Martin, Verster, Isabella and Yahyaei, Mohsen (2023). Decarbonisation to drive dramatic increase in mining waste–options for reduction. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 190 106859, 1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106859
Boonruam, Patiparn, Uppasen, Settakorn, Soisuwan, Soipatta, Antonio, Christian and Wattanachai, Piyachat (2021). Natural rubber to replace acrylonitrile butadiene styrene in polycarbonate blends and composites. Engineering and Applied Science Research, 48 (3), 287-294. doi: 10.14456/easr.2021.31
Huang, Wei , Shi, Fengnian , Antonio, Christian and Runge, Kym (2020). Influence of grade heterogeneity and gangue mineralogy on the efficacy of high voltage pulse enabled ore pre-concentration. Minerals Engineering, 159 106654, 106654. doi: 10.1016/j.mineng.2020.106654
Upasen, Settakorn, Naeramitmarnsuk, Kornrat, Antonio, Christian, Roces, Susan, Morillas, Hector and Wattanachai, Piyachat (2019). Acid-pepsin soluble collagen from saltwater and freshwater fish scales. Engineering Journal-Thailand, 23 (5), 183-195. doi: 10.4186/ej.2019.23.5.183
Jokovic, Vladimir, Antonio, Christian and Morrison, Robert (2019). MW heating of rock particles and their cross-dependencies. Minerals Engineering, 141 105834, 105834. doi: 10.1016/j.mineng.2019.105834
Wattanachai, Piyachat, Buasathain, Benjawan, Antonio, Christian and Roces, Susan (2017). Open loop recycling of recycled polypropylene for motorcycle saddle application. ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering, 17 (2), 60-76. doi: 10.22146/ajche.49556
Wattanachai, Piyachat and Antonio, Christian (2016). Comparison of conventional and variable frequency microwave curing of SU8 photoresist: effects on the dielectric, thermal, and morphological properties. Engineering Journal, 20 (5), 169-186. doi: 10.4186/ej.2016.20.5.169
Thaithae, Wachirawut, Antonio, Christian and Wattanachai, Piyachat (2016). Properties characterisation of polycarbonate and multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites prepared by solution technique. Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, 11 (1), 34-50. doi: 10.1002/apj.1940
Wattanachai, P., Antonio C. and Roces S. (2015). Comparison of thermal properties of PCB photoresist films cured by different techniques. ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering, 15 (2), 20-32. doi: 10.22146/ajche.49684
Antonio, Christian and Watanachai, Piyachat (2014). Variable Frequency Microwave Curing of SU8 Photoresist Films. Advanced Materials Research, 931-932, 101-105. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.101
Zahiri, Saden H., Antonio, Christian I. and Jahedi, Mahnaz (2009). Elimination of porosity in directly fabricated titanium via cold gas dynamic spraying. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209 (2), 922-929. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.03.005
Antonio, Christian and Deam, Rowan T. (2007). Can "microwave effects" be explained by enhanced diffusion?. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 9 (23), 2976-2982. doi: 10.1039/b617358f
Zahiri, Saden, Jahedim, Mahnaz and Antonio, Christian (2006). Fabrication de cylindres d'impression. Materials Science.
Antonio, C. and Deam, R. T. (2005). Comparison of linear and non linear sweep rate regimes in variable frequency microwave technique for uniform heating in materials processing. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 169 (2), 234-241. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.03.024
Antonio, Christian, Deam, Rowan and Taube, Alex (2003). A review of the variable frequency microwave technology in material processing. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 38 (1), 75-87. doi: 10.1080/08327823.2003.11688488
Conference Papers
Narayan, Roneel, Edraki, Mansour, Scheuermann, Alexander, Ziemski, Marcin, Antonio, Christian and Quintero, Sebastian (2023). Alternative mineral processing strategies for copper-gold tailings management. Life of Mine, Brisbane, QLD Australia, 2-4 August 2023.
Micklethwaite, S., Verster, I., Seligmann, B.J., Antonio, C., Hilden, M., Hernandez-Santin, L., Ghoreishi-Madiseh, S.A., Kuyuk, A., Kalantari, H.B., Sasmito, A.P., Cote, C., Ziemski, M., Car, M., Lamb, A., Erskine, P., Runge, K. and Valenta, R.K. (2023). Complex Orebodies Analysis: A Multidisciplinary Application to the Izok Lake Corridor Project in the Canadian Arctic. 26th World Mining Congress, Brisbane, QLD Australia, 26-29 June 2023. Brisbane, QLD Australia: 26th World Mining Congress.
Seligmann, B.J., Micklethwaite, S., Forbes, G., Lin, Y., Trendle, J., Bowdidge-Calvert, C., Verster, I., Antonio, C., Ziemski, M. and Hernandez-Santin, L. (2023). Integration will take you forward: causal networks as a new approach to address inherent problems with risk management practice in mining organisations. 26th World Mining Congress, Brisbane, QLD Australia, 26-29 June 2023. Brisbane, QLD Australia: 26th World Mining Congress.
André, F. P., Antonio, C. and Shi, F. (2023). Pre-concentration of sulphide ores using a continuous high voltage pulse system. 13th International Comminution Symposium, Cape Town, South Africa, 17-20 April 2023.
André, F. P., Antonio, C. and Shi, F. (2023). Optimising the pre-concentration performance of a continuous high voltage pulse system for mining operations. 26th World Mining Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 26-29 June 2023.
André, Flavio P., Antonio, Christian and Shi, Fengnian (2022). Pre-concentration of sulphide ores using a novel continuous high voltage pulse system design. 17th European Symposium on Comminution & Classification, Toulouse, France, 27-29 June 2022.
Verster, I., Antonio, C., Hilden, M., Ziemski, M., Seligmann, B., Micklethwaite, S., Ghoreishi-Madiseh, S.A., Lamb, A., Qian, B., Car, M. and Valenta, R. (2022). Novel ‘Complex Orebodies Approach’ to assess deposit feasibility in minerals processing design. Integration, Optimisation and Design of Mineral Processing Circuits '22, Online, 13-14 June 2022.
Lay, Daniel, Shi, Fengnian and Antonio, Christian (2021). Factors influencing ore breakage in high voltage pulse pre-treatment. The XXX International Mineral Processing Congress, Cape Town, South Africa, 18-22 October 2020. Johannesburg, South Africa: The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.
Agbenuvor, Bernard, Antonio, Christian, Jokovic, Vladimir and Morrison (2021). An investigation into multistage impact breakage. International Mineral Processing Congress, Cape Town, South Africa, 18-22 October 2020. Johannesburg, South Africa: The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.
André, Flavio, Antonio, Christian and Shi, Fengnian (2020). Developing a continuous HVP system for mining operations. Next Generation Resources Student Conference , Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 23-24 November 2020.
Lage, Raoni Antunes Ferreira, Antonio, Christian, Jokovic, Vladimir and Morrison, Robert (2019). Enhancing grade engineering through rock breakage by high-speed collisions. Physical separation '19, Falmouth, Cornwall, United Kingdom, 13-14 June 2019.
Selasie Agbenuvor, Bernard, Antonio, Christian, Jokovic, Vladimir and Morrison, Robert (2019). Enhancing early coarse gangue rejection through controlled multistage precise impact breakage. Physical separation '19, Cornwall, United Kingdom, 13-14 June 2019. Red Hook, NY United States: Curran Associates.
Huang, Wei, Shi, Fengnian, Antonio, Christian and Runge, Kym (2018). High voltage pulse pre-concentration study using a low grade copper-gold ore. The 14th AusIMM Mill Operators' Conference 2018, Brisbane, QLD Australia, 29-31 August 2018. Carlton, VIC Australia: AusIMM.
Shi, Fengnian, Huang, Wei, Antonio, Christian and Runge, Kym (2018). High voltage pulse pre-treatment of ores. XXIX International Mineral Processing Congress, Moscow, Russia, 15-21 September 2018.
Wattanachai, P., Antonio, C. and Roces, S. (2015). Differences in crosslink densities of PCB photoresist films cured under microwave irradiation in comparison to conventional curing. The 22nd Regional Symposium on Chemical Engineering: RSCE 2015 – Embracing the Opening of AEC Incorporating with Education, Research, and Industries in Chemical Engineering, Bangkok, Thailand, 24-25 September 2015. Thailand: RSCE.
Antonio, Christian and Watanachai, Piyachat (2014). Variable frequency microwave curing of SU8 photoresist films. Pfaffikon, Switzerland: Scientific.Net. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.931-932.101
Robinson, J., Kingman, S., Snape, C. E., Antonio, C., Pereira, I., Page, P. W. and Thomas, D. J. (2010). Microwave treatment of oil contaminated drill cuttings - Toward a commercial scale system. SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 12-14 April 2010. Richardson, TX, United States: Society of Petroleum Engineers. doi: 10.2118/127064-MS
Kingman, Sam, Robinson, John, Antonio, Christian and Pereira, Igor (2010). Latest developments in the microwave processing of oil contaminated drill cuttings. 2010 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (MTT 2010), Anaheim, CA, United States, 23-28 May 2010. Piscataway, NJ, United States: IEEE. doi: 10.1109/MWSYM.2010.5517688
Vanichpun, A., Dodds, C.E., Connerton, I., Dodds, C. and Antonio, Christian (2009). The potential for using microwave heating as a seed decontamination method. The European Federation of Food Science and Technology (EFFoST) Annual Conference, Budapest, Hungary, 11-13 November 2009.
Antonio, C. and Wellwood, G. (2007). Production, Characteristics and Utilisation of Low Cost Titanium Powder from CSIRO’s TiRO Process. CSIRO Advance Material Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 2007. Melbourne, Australia: CSIRO.
Jahedi, M., Zahiri, S., Antonio, C., Fraser, D. and Gulizia, S. (2006). Success of Cold Spray in Australia. Cold Spray Conference, Germany, 2006. Germany:
Antonio, C., Deam, R. T. and Taube, A. (2004). Investigation of Enhanced Diffusion in Microwave Processed Epoxy Systems. International Symposium on Microwave Science and Its Application to Related Fields, Takamatsu, Japan, 27-30 July 2004. Japan:
Antonio, Christian, Deam, Rowan and Taube, Alexander (2003). Modelling of the Energy Density Distribution in a Variable Frequency Microwave Using CST Microwave Studio. 2003 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, Seoul, South Korea, 4-7 November 2003. South Korea:
Data Collection
Micklethwaite, Steven, Verster, Lizette, Antonio, Christian, Ziemski, Marcin, Hilden, Marco, Ghoreishi-Madiseh, Ali, Kuyuk, Ali, Kalantari, Hossein, Sasmito, Agus, Hernandez-Santin, Lorna, Erskine, Peter, Cote, Claire, Lebre, Eleanor and Seligman, Benjamin (2022). Data relating to the Complex Orebodies Review of the Izok Lake Corridor Project (Izok-Dataroom-UQ). The University of Queensland. (Dataset) doi: 10.48610/9a95ed5
Patent
Zahiri, S., Jahedi, M. and Antonio, C. (2007). Manufacture of Printing Cylinders. WO2007070939-A1.
Thesis
Antonio, Christian (2006). Characterisation and Optimisation of the Variable Frequency Microwave Technique and its Application to Microfabrication. PhD Thesis, Industrial Research Institute Swinburne, Swinburne University.
Research Reports
Christian Antonio (2023). Process Improvement Studies – Compañía Minera Poderosa, Peru PROJECT REPORT. Brisbane, QLD Australia: University of Queensland.
Pereira Andre, Flavio, Antonio, Christian and Shi, Frank (2023). HVP-03: development and evaluation of an integrated small scale continuous HVP system [Project Report 6]. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: The University of Queensland, JKMRC, Sustainable Minerals Institute.
Pereira Andre, Flavio, Antonio, Christian and Shi, Frank (2022). HVP-03: development and evaluation of an integrated small scale continuous HVP system [Project Report 5]. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: The University of Queensland, JKMRC, Sustainable Minerals Institute.
Christian Antonio, Daniel Lay and Kym Runge (2022). Amenability Study of Rio Tinto Ores to High Voltage Pulse Pretreatment. Brisbane, Australia: University of Queensland.
Pereira Andre, Flavio, Antonio, Christian and Shi, Frank (2021). HVP-03: development and evaluation of an integrated small scale continuous HVP system - project report 4. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: JKMRC, Sustainable Minerals Institute.
Antonio, Christian and Jokovic, Vladimir (2021). Microwave amenability testing of materials - Part 2. Brisbane, Australia: JKTech.
Verster, Lizette, Antonio, Christian and Ziemski, Marcin (2021). A complex orebodies review of the Izok Lake Corridor Project: final report 1. Brisbane, QLD Australia: Sustainable Minerals Institute.
Shi, Frank, Antonio, Christian and Runge, Kym (2021). High voltage pulse pre-treatment of De Beers drill core samples to improve energy efficiency in comminution. Brisbane, Australia: JKMRC.
Wang, Junyu, Feng, Bingyang, Antonio, Christian, Shi, Frank, He, Mengbing and Runge, Kym (2021). HVP-04: market and literature survey of high voltage pulse generator systems. Brisbane, Australia: JKMRC.
Pereira Andre, Flavio, Antonio, Christian and Shi, Frank (2021). HVP-03: development and evaluation of an integrated small scale continuous HVP system - project report 3. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: JKMRC, Sustainable Minerals Institute.
Antonio, Christian and Jokovic, Vladimir (2021). Microwave amenability testing of materials - Part 1. Brisbane, Australia: JKTech.
Pereira Andre, Flavio, Antonio, Christian and Shi, Frank (2020). HVP-03: development and evaluation of an integrated small scale continuous HVP system - project report 2. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: JKMRC, Sustainable Minerals Institute.
Vladimir Jokovic and Christian Antonio (2020). P3-008 Enhanced Grade Engineering Final Report. Brisbane: UQ-SMI-JKMRC.
Antonio, Christian, Keat, James and Hamelehle, Jason (2020). Escondida microwave study. Golden, CO, United States: Paterson Cooke.
Flávio Pereira André, Christian Antonio and Frank Shi (2020). HVP-03: Development and Evaluation of an Integrated Small Scale Continuous HVP System. Brisbane: Sustainable Minerals Institute.
Antonio, Christian (2019). Feasibility of microwave assisted dewatering of coal tailings. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: JKMRC.
Vladimir Jokovic and Christian Antonio (2019). P3-008 Enhanced Grade Engineering Technical Report 3 and 4. 3 Brisbane: UQ-SMI-JKMRC.
Vladimir Jokovic and Christian Antonio (2018). P3-008 Enhanced Grade Engineering Technical Report 2. Brisbane: UQ-SMI-JKMRC.
Vladimir Jokovic and Christian Antonio (2018). P3-008 Enhanced Grade Engineering Technical Report 1. Brisbane: UQ-SMI-JKMRC.
Shi, Frank, Antonio, Christian and Lay, Daniel (2018). High voltage pulse characterisation sighter test of Newcrest Telfer ore: project report to Newcrest Mining Limited. Brisbane, Australia: JKMRC.
Shi, Frank, Antonio, Christian, Lay, Daniel and Runge, Kym (2017). High voltage pulse characterisation sighter test of Newcrest Cadia Green Stockpile ore: project report to Newcrest Mining Limited. Brisbane, Australia: JKMRC.
Shi, Frank, Antonio, Christian, Huang, Wei and Runge, Kym (2017). High voltage pulse characterisation sighter test of Newcrest Namosi ore: project report to Newcrest Mining Limited. Brisbane, Australia: JKMRC.
Vladimir Jokovic and Christian Antonio (2017). P1-008 Evaluation of Enhanced GE Rock Properties. Brisbane: UQ-SMI-JKMRC.
Shi, Frank, Antonio, Christian, Huang, Wei and Runge, Kym (2017). Amenability of an Anglo American ore to HVP processing treatment. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: JKMRC.
Jokovic, Vladimir , Antonio, Christian , Djordjevic, Nenad , Morrison, Rob and Adair, Ben (2014). A Comparative Analysis of different Ores in relation to the efficiency of MW/IR ore sorting technology. Brisbane, Australia: UQ-SMI-JKMRC.
Jokovic, Vladimir , Antonio, Christian , Genn, Geoffrey and Morrison, Rob (2014). Barren Fragment Identification. Brisbane, Australia: UQ-SMI-JKMRC.
Adair, Ben , Antonio, Christian , Jokovic, Vladimir , Morrison, Rob and Genn, Geoffrey (2013). Report on Observations in the Phase 1c Extension Samples. Brisbane, Australia: UQ-SMI-JKMRC.
Jokovic, Vladimir , Adair, Ben , Antonio, Christian and Morrison, Rob (2013). Report on Observations in the Phase 1c Samples. Brisbane, Australia: UQ-SMI-JKMRC.
Creative Works
Antonio, Christian and Shi, Frank (2021). SMI tailings masterclass: high voltage pulse for future tailings. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: The University of Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Institute.
Antonio, Christian (2021). SMI tailings masterclass: microwave surface passivation. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: The University of Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Institute.
Antonio, Christian (2020). SMI Tailings Masterclass: microwave-assisted dewatering of tailings material –a conceptual idea. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: The University of Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Institute.